A person is economically active if they are either employed or unemployed in a particular period - usually the survey reference week. Economically active people supply, or want to supply, their labour to produce goods and services within the production boundary, defined by the UN System of National Accounts. Therefore, economic activity is on the supply side of the labour market framework. Some countries refer to 'participation' to mean precisely the same as economic activity.
The Office for National Statistics (ONS) produces estimates of economic activity based upon the International Labour Organization definition. The data are based upon the Labour Force Survey . Respondents are asked about different aspects of their labour market behaviour, and from these they are classified as employed, unemployed or economically inactive. The economically inactive are those people who are not in employment, but do not fulfil all the criteria to be classified as unemployed.
ONS regards the economic activity rate (the economically active as a percentage of the population) as the headline measure. It allows comparison between different groups of people, different areas, and between different countries. It also allows unemployment to be interpreted in the context of overall changes in the population.
Economic activity figures are published every month in the labour market statistics First Release, Labour Market Trends and on Nomis . They are also published quarterly as part of the Labour Force Survey Historical Quarterly Supplement.
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